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Variola or
smallpox is a contagious disease in humans caused by Variola major virus or
Variola minor. This disease is known by its Latin name, Variola or Variola
vera, derived from the Latin varius, meaning "spotted", or varus
which means "acne".
Variola appears in small
blood vessels in the skin as well as in the mouth and throat. In the skin, this
disease causes a rash, and then a fluid-filled wound. V. major causes a more
serious illness with a 30-35% mortality rate. V. minor causes milder disease
(also known as alastrim, cottonpox, milkpox, whitepox, and Cuban itch) that
cause death in 1% of sufferers. The long-term consequences of V. major
infection are scarring, commonly in the face, which occurs in 65-85% of
patients.
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