Cataracts develop for
various reasons, such as prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light, radiation,
secondary effects of diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, old age, or
trauma (may occur earlier) and usually due to denaturation of the protein lens.
Genetic factors are often
the cause of congenital cataracts and a positive family history may also play a
role in predisposing a person to cataracts at an earlier age, the phenomenon of
"anticipation" in pre-senile cataracts.
Cataracts can also be caused
by injury to the eyes or physical trauma. A study showed cataracts developed
among commercial aircraft pilots three times larger than those with jobs other
than pilots. This is thought to be caused by excessive radiation coming from
outer space.
Cataracts are also usually
common in people who are exposed to infrared radiation, such as the glass
(blowing) smithers who suffer from "peeling syndrome". Exposure to
microwave radiation can also cause cataracts. Atopic or allergic conditions are
also known to accelerate the development of cataracts, especially in children.
Cataracts may occur only
partially or completely, stationary or progressive, hard or soft.
Some drugs can induce
cataract development, such as corticosterone and Seroquel.
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